STAINLESS STEEL AND SPECIAL ELECTRODES

1-SATINCROME 308L-17

Description and Applications:

Satincrome 308L-17 is a smooth running, rutile type stainless steel electrode manufactured by CIGWELD for the all positional (except vertical-down) fillet and butt welding of 19Cr/10Ni type stainless steels. The features of Satincrome 308L-17 include high AC arc stability, sound radiographic quality, smooth arc transfer characteristics, very low spatter levels and excellent bead shape and contour. The advanced moisture resistant (MR) flux coating provides improved resistance to start-of-run porosity. Slag lift of Satincrome 308L-17 is enhanced in all welding positions, it is self peeling and non-spitting. Applications of Satincrome 308L-17 include the single and multi-pass welding of 19Cr/10Ni type stainless steel grades including 201, 202, 301, 302,303, 304, 304L, 305, 308 etc.

2-SATINCROME 309Mo-17

Description and Applications:

Satincrome 309Mo-17 is a rutile type, high alloy stainless steel electrode manufactured by CIGWELD for the all positional (except vertical-down) fillet and butt welding of 24Cr/13Ni type stainless steels. The features of Satincrome 309Mo-17 include high AC arc stability, sound radiographic quality, smooth arc transfer characteristics, very low spatter levels and excellent bead shape and contour. The advanced moisture resistant (MR) flux coating provides improved resistance to start-of-run porosity. Slag lift of Satincrome 309Mo-17 is enhanced in all welding positions, it is self peeling and non-spitting. Applications of Satincrome 309Mo-17 include the single and multi-pass welding of matching 309 and 309L stainless steels. Satincrome 309Mo-17 is also suitable for the dissimilar welding of other “300 series” austenitic stainless steels and selected “400 series” ferritic grades to mild or low alloy steels such as 403, 405, 410, 416, 420, 430, 430F-Se, 446 etc and BHP 3CR12.

3-SATINCROME 316L-17

Description and Applications:

Satincrome 316L-17 is a low carbon, rutile type stainless steel electrode manufactured by CIGWELD for the all positional (except vertical-down) fillet and butt welding of 19Cr/10Ni type stainless steels. The features of Satincrome 316L-17 include high AC arc stability, sound radiographic quality, smooth arc transfer characteristics, very low spatter levels and excellent bead shape and contour. The advanced moisture resistant (MR) flux coating provides improved resistance to start-of-run porosity. Slag lift of Satincrome 316L-17 is enhanced in all welding positions, it is self peeling and nonspitting. Applications of Satincrome 316L-17 include the single
and multi-pass welding of matching Molybdenum bearing stainless steels, 316 and 316L. Satincrome 316L-17 is also suitable for the general purpose welding of other “300 series” austenitic stainless steels including 301, 302, 303 and 304/304L, 305, 3CR12 types. The 2.5% Molybdenum content gives increased resistance to pitting corrosion and raises the creep strength for higher temperature applications.

4-SATINCROME 318-17

Description and Applications:

Satincrome 318-17 is a Niobium stabilised, rutile type stainless steel electrode manufactured by
CIGWELD for the all positional (except vertical-down) fillet and butt welding of stabilised and unstabilised 19Cr/10Ni type stainless steels, such as 316, 318 and 321. The features of Satincrome 318-17 include high AC arc stability, sound radiographic quality, smooth arc transfer
characteristics, very low spatter levels and excellent bead shape and contour. The advanced moisture resistant (MR) flux coating provides improved resistance to start-of-run porosity. Slag lift of Satincrome 318-17 is enhanced in all welding positions, it is self peeling and non-spitting. The Molybdenum content of Satincrome 318-17 gives improved resistance to pitting corrosion and the Niobium addition gives improved resistance to intergranular corrosion and good strength retention at elevated temperatures up to ≈ 700°C.

Steel industry

History of the modern steel industry, Global steel industry trends, Steel production by country, and List of steel producers

It is common today to talk about "the iron and steel industry" as if it were a single entity, but historically they were separate products. The steel industry is often considered to be an indicator of economic progress, because of the critical role played by steel in infrastructural and overall economic development.^[41]

The economic boom in China and India has caused a massive increase in the demand for steel in recent years. Between 2000 and 2005, world steel demand increased by 6%. Since 2000, several Indian ^[42] and Chinese steel firms have risen to prominence like Tata Steel (which bought Corus Group in 2007), Shanghai Baosteel Group Corporation and Shagang Group. ArcelorMittal is however the world's largest steel producer.

The British Geological Survey reports that in 2005, China was the top producer of steel with about one-third world share followed by Japan, Russia, and the USA.^[43]

In 2008, steel started to be traded as a commodity in the London Metal Exchange. At the end of 2008, the steel industry faced a sharp downturn that led to many cut-backs.^[44]

Steel

Steel is an alloy consisting mostly of iron, with a carbon content between 0.2% and 2.1% by weight, depending on the grade. Carbon is the most cost-effective alloying material for iron, but various other alloying elements are used such as manganese, chromium, vanadium, and tungsten.^[1] Carbon and other elements act as a hardening agent, preventing dislocations in the iron atom crystal lattice from sliding past one another. Varying the amount of alloying elements and form of their presence in the steel (solute elements, precipitated phase) controls qualities such as the hardness, ductility, and tensile strength of the resulting steel. Steel with increased carbon content can be made harder and stronger than iron, but is also more brittle.

Alloys with a higher carbon content are known as cast iron because of their lower melting point and castability.^[1] Steel is also distinguished from wrought iron, which can contain a small amount of carbon, but it is included in the form of slag inclusions. Two distinguishing factors are its increased rust-resistance and better weldability.

Though steel had been produced by various inefficient methods long before the Renaissance, its use became more common after more efficient production methods were devised in the 17th century. With the invention of the Bessemer process in the mid-19th century, steel became a relatively inexpensive mass-produced material. Further refinements in the process, such as basic oxygen steelmaking, further lowered the cost of production while increasing the quality of the metal. Today, steel is one of the most common materials in the world and is a major component in buildings, infrastructure, tools, ships, automobiles, machines, and appliances. Modern steel is generally identified by various grades of steel defined by various standards organizations.